Introduction to Madeira

Quick Overview

The Madeira archipelago consists of the volcanic islands of Madeira and Porto Santo, plus the Desertas and the Selvagens. The island of Madeira is the largest (741 km²) and hosts almost the entire population, particularly in its "capital" Funchal (125,000 inhabitants). It is also home to the archipelago's highest point, Pico Ruivo at 1,862 m, set in a wooded and largely floral landscape. Porto Santo, located about fifty kilometres northeast of Madeira, measures just 45 km² with fewer than 6,000 residents living in the island's only village. It is a dry, desert-like expanse, though it boasts beautiful beaches. The Desertas (three islands near Madeira), completely uninhabited, are a nature reserve and off-limits. Similarly, the Selvagens, 235 km south of Madeira, are also uninhabited.

Administratively, Madeira has autonomous status within Portugal, with its own government. However, it is this government (and the European Union) that largely ensures its income, alongside revenue from tourism. Geographically, the archipelago is part of the African continent, even if "sociologically and culturally" it is entirely European.

Key Facts

• Type of place: region.

• Location: in the Atlantic Ocean, off the coast of Morocco.

• Latitude/longitude: 32°39' N, 16°54' W.

• Local time: Heure : 4362

• "Capital": Funchal.

• Nature of the state: autonomous region of Portugal.

• Official language: Portuguese.

• Currency: euro.

• Population: 270,100 inhabitants (2014).

• Area: 801 km².

• Density: 337 inhabitants/km².

• Highest point: Pico Ruivo (1,862 m).

• Lowest point: sea level.

• Coastline:

• Driving: on the right.

Tourism

With its subtropical climate, forests, and spectacular landscapes, the Portuguese island of Madeira has attracted tourists who come primarily to hike along the "levadas"—irrigation channels dug here for centuries.

Each year, the archipelago welcomes around 1.5 million visitors (1.36 million in 2018). The tourists are mainly German, British, Portuguese from the "mainland," and French (163,000 in 2018).

Travel Essentials

• Destination: for beginner travellers.

• By air: France-Funchal.

• Entry requirements: ID card or passport.

• Currency to bring: euros.

• Exchange rate:

• Daily budget for budget travellers:

• Best for accommodation:

• Best for getting around:

• Risks: almost none in terms of health and low in terms of security.

• Best time for climate/crowds/prices:

• Interests (out of ★★★★): Nature ★★★; Adventure ★/★★; Culture ★; Relaxation/Holidays ★

Useful Addresses