What to See in Egypt
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UNESCO World Heritage Sites

Egypt has nine sites inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list:

Lower Egypt

Abu Mena (1979)
About fifty kilometres southwest of Alexandria, this UNESCO-listed site features the remains of a city from the Pharaonic era.
Memphis, Égypte
Memphis (1979)
A few kilometres south of Cairo, the remains of the necropolis of what was once a capital are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site. Saqqara (another necropolis) and Abu Ghurab (a temple) are located nearby.
Ouadi Al-Hitan, Égypte
Wadi Al-Hitan (2005)
In the desert, 150 km from Cairo, the "Whale Valley" of Wadi Al-Hitan is a UNESCO World Heritage Site for the many fossils discovered there.
Pyramide de Gizeh et le Sphinx, Égypte
Giza Pyramids (1979)
This is the area of the famous pyramids (Khufu, Khafre, Menkaure, plus the Sphinx) located near Cairo and a few kilometres from the city of Giza. The site is a UNESCO World Heritage site and even extends to the pyramids of Dahshur.
Vieux Caire, Le Caire, Égypte
Old Cairo (1979)
Enclosed within the modern city, the historic center of Cairo still contains many remarkable ancient buildings that earned it UNESCO World Heritage status.

Upper Egypt

Nubian Monuments of Abu Simbel (1979)
These are two remarkable temples listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites together with the Temple of Isis at Philae.
Nécropole de Thèbes, Louxor, Égypte
Theban Necropolis (1979)
These are the magnificent remains (temples, palaces, necropolises...) of what was the capital of Egypt during the time of the Pharaohs.
Temple d'Isis de Philae, Égypte
Temple of Isis at Philae (1979)
This Nubian monument is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, listed jointly with the Temples of Abu Simbel.

Sinai

Monastère Sainte-Catherine, Égypte
Saint Catherine's Monastery (2002)
This important Orthodox monastery in Sinai is a UNESCO World Heritage site. It is also a "must-see" for any visit to the region.

Lower Egypt

Warning: part of the region is currently completely or strongly advised against for security reasons by the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Abu Mena
About fifty kilometres southwest of Alexandria, this UNESCO-listed site features the remains of a city from the Pharaonic era.
Aboukir
On the Mediterranean coast near Alexandria, many ancient ruins remain in the immediate vicinity of this small town and its bay.
Alexandrie, Égypte
Alexandria
Egypt’s second-largest city, with over 5 million inhabitants. It boasts numerous historic buildings, particularly from antiquity, and several museums.
Bahariya
An oasis located southwest of Cairo. You can take desert excursions from here.
Dahchour, Égypte
Dahshur
This UNESCO-listed site, an extension of Giza, is where you can see Egypt’s first pyramids. The Mazghuna pyramids are also nearby.
Cimetière militaire, El Alamein, Égypte
El Alamein
West of Alexandria, on the coast, a museum and military cemeteries commemorate the battle that took place here in 1942.
Faiyum
It's a large city south of Cairo. The archaeological site of Hawara, with its pyramid, is nearby.
Ismailia, Égypte
Ismailia
Between Suez and Port Said, on the Suez Canal, Ismailia stands out for its many buildings constructed by the French and British during the canal's construction.
Le Caire, Égypte
Cairo
Egypt’s vast capital offers fascinating museums, historic UNESCO-listed districts, and easy access to must-see sites like the Pyramids and the Sphinx.
Mansoura
A large industrial and commercial city in the Nile Delta, not necessarily one of the most tourist-friendly.
Marsa Matruh, Égypte
Marsa Matruh
A coastal port on the Mediterranean en route to Libya. It features some ancient ruins, World War II military cemeteries, and beautiful beaches.
Meidum
About a hundred kilometres from Cairo, this archaeological site is home to a pyramid and its necropolis.
Memphis, Égypte
Memphis
A few kilometres south of Cairo, the remains of the necropolis of what was once a capital are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site. Saqqara (another necropolis) and Abu Ghurab (a temple) are located nearby.
Port Said, Égypte
Port Said
At the entrance to the Suez Canal, on the Mediterranean coast, the city attracts some visitors for its beaches and various historical sites.
Pyramide de Gizeh et le Sphinx, Égypte
Giza Pyramids (1979)
This is the area of the famous pyramids (Khufu, Khafre, Menkaure, plus the Sphinx) located near Cairo and a few kilometres from the city of Giza. The site is a UNESCO World Heritage site and even extends to the pyramids of Dahshur.
Siwa, Égypte
Siwa
A vast oasis near the Libyan border. Besides several ancient ruins, you can enjoy the oasis and the walks in its surroundings.
Suez, Égypte
Suez
This major Red Sea port, not far from Cairo, lends its name to the canal that visitors come to see here.
Tell Basta
A rarely visited ancient site north of Cairo, near the city of Zagazig.
Tanis, Égypte
Tanis
These are the remains (not very "spectacular") of an ancient city in the Nile Delta.

Natural Heritage

Désert Libyque, Égypte
Libyan Desert
Also known as the "White Desert" or "Great Sand Sea", it is home to three major oases in its section located in Upper Egypt (Dakhla, Farafra, Kharga) and offers great opportunities for all kinds of treks.
Ouadi Al-Hitan, Égypte
Wadi Al-Hitan
In the desert, 150 km from Cairo, the "Whale Valley" of Wadi Al-Hitan is a UNESCO World Heritage Site for the many fossils discovered there.

Upper Egypt

Warning: part of the region is currently completely or strongly advised against for security reasons by the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Abou Simbel, Égypte
Abu Simbel
This small town on the shores of Lake Nasser, near Sudan, is home to two magnificent UNESCO-listed temples.
Abydos, Égypte
Abydos
North of the city of Luxor, this site is known for its temples and tombs.
Al Mina Masjid Mosque, Al-Minya, Égypte
Al-Minya
A large city between Cairo and Asyut. Several ancient sites can be found in its surroundings (Beni Hasan, Tounah el-Gebel, Hermopolis...).
Amarna, Égypte
Amarna
This is the site of the capital built by Akhenaton. You can see a series of temples and tombs here.
Asyut
The large city between Cairo and Luxor is not among the most tourist-friendly.
Assouan, Égypte
Aswan
This city on the banks of the Nile is a major tourist destination. Visitors come for Nile cruises, the Aswan Dam, Nubian villages, and the various ancient sites in the area (Philae, Kalabsha, Elephantine Island, etc.).
Barrage d'Assouan, Égypte
Aswan Dam
One of the world's largest dams, built on the Nile near the city of the same name.
Beni Hassan
This village near Minya is a relatively important archaeological site. It is home to a collection of princely tombs.
Dakhla, Dakhla, Égypte
Dakhla
One of the five major oases in the Libyan Desert.
Denderah, Égypte
Dendera
This site is home to one of Egypt’s best-preserved ancient necropolises.
El Kab, Égypte
El Kab
This site south of Luxor contains tombs, temples, and other remnants of ancient times.
Edfou, Égypte
Edfu
Along the Nile, halfway between Luxor and Aswan, the city of Edfu is home to a renowned temple.
Temple of Khnum, Esna, Égypte
Esna
A town south of Luxor known for its bazaar and the Temple of Khnum.
The interior of Badr Museum and house, Farafra, Égypte
Farafra
This oasis in the west-central region is located at the gateway to the most spectacular part of the White Desert.
Gebel Silsileh, Égypte
Gebel Silsileh
North of Aswan, this archaeological site along the Nile is home to various tombs and temples.
Kharga, Égypte
Kharga
This is the southernmost oasis in Egypt. Less traditional than the others, its surroundings are home to various ancient ruins.
Temple de Kôm Ombo, Égypte
Kom Ombo Temple
Around fifty kilometres north of Aswan, on the banks of the Nile, Kom Ombo is home to a recently restored temple.
Louxor, Égypte
Luxor
The main tourist city of Upper Egypt. Beyond Nile cruises, ancient Thebes offers its museum and famous temples (Luxor, Karnak), as well as the Valley of the Kings, the Valley of the Queens, and the Valley of the Nobles, along with other archaeological sites (Medamud, etc.). All of ancient Thebes is a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Ouadi-es-Seboua, Égypte
Wadi es-Sebua
This is a group of temples also known as the "Valley of the Lions" on the shores of Lake Nasser.
Temple d'Isis de Philae, Égypte
Temple of Isis at Philae
This Nubian monument is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, listed jointly with the Temples of Abu Simbel.

Red Sea Coast

Al-Qusair, Égypte
Al-Qusair
Between Hurghada and Marsa Alam, this small port has become a seaside resort with hotels and diving opportunities.
El Gouna, Égypte
El Gouna
A resort town that developed thanks to its proximity to Hurghada, located about twenty kilometres away.
Hurghada, Égypte
Hurghada
This is the major beach resort on the coast, opposite Sharm el-Sheikh on the other side of the Gulf of Suez, accessible by ferry. It’s a destination for beaches and diving, especially on an all-inclusive basis.
Marsa Alam, Égypte
Marsa Alam
A small town on the Red Sea coast undergoing rapid transformation, now with an international airport and infrastructure for hotels and diving.
Safaga, Égypte
Safaga
South of Hurghada, it is another major seaside resort on the Red Sea, known for its beaches and especially diving.
Soma Bay, Égypte
Soma Bay
A seaside resort on a peninsula south of Hurghada, offering beaches, diving, thalassotherapy, and hotel complexes.

Natural Heritage

Désert Libyque, Égypte
Libyan Desert
Also known as the "White Desert" or "Great Sand Sea", it is home to three major oases in its section located in Upper Egypt (Dakhla, Farafra, Kharga) and offers great opportunities for all kinds of treks.
Lac Nasser, Égypte
Lake Nasser
This vast artificial lake, created following the Aswan Dam, straddles Egypt and Sudan, with a ferry connecting the two countries and opportunities for cruises. It is home to numerous fish species, birds, and crocodiles.
Croisière sur le Nil, Égypte
The Nile
The Nile with its cruises is a classic part of any trip to Egypt. The main offerings are from Luxor southward to Aswan.
Parc national Wadi el Gemal, Égypte
Wadi el Gemal National Park
This arid park is located along the Red Sea coast, a few kilometres south of Marsa Alam.

Sinai

Warning: Sinai is currently completely advised against for security reasons by the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, except for the coastal strip from Sharm to Taba, which still requires the utmost vigilance outside resort areas.

Canal de Suez, Égypte
Suez Canal
Between Sinai and Lower Egypt, the canal has become a tourist attraction to see from the city of Suez.
Dahab, Égypte
Dahab
North of Sharm el-Sheikh and much quieter than the latter, though the place is less "backpacker-hippie" than it used to be. You can enjoy its beautiful beaches, dive, or try various water activities. Nearby, there are also opportunities for climbing and desert hikes.
El-Arish
A seaside resort in northern Sinai, on the Mediterranean coast.
Golfe d'Aqaba, Égypte
Gulf of Aqaba
Over roughly 200 km between Sharm el-Sheikh and the Israeli border, this Gulf of the Red Sea is a top diving destination. Along the coast, you’ll find various beach resorts (Sharm, Dahab, Nuweiba...) and small camps.
Monastère Sainte-Catherine, Égypte
Saint Catherine's Monastery
This important Orthodox monastery in Sinai is a UNESCO World Heritage site. It is also a "must-see" for any visit to the region.
Nuweiba, Égypte
Nuweiba
On the northern coast of the Gulf of Aqaba, the former Bedouin village has transformed into an all-inclusive beach resort with beaches, diving, and hikes in the nearby mountains. Ferries depart from Nuweiba to Aqaba in Jordan.
Sharm el-Sheikh, Égypte
Sharm el-Sheikh
This is the Sinai’s major beach resort, complete with all-inclusive packages. It’s popular for its beaches, diving, and desert excursions. Sharm also has an old town centre.
Taba, Égypte
Taba
This is the border town with Israel used as such by travellers wishing to reach Eilat or Aqaba by land from Egypt. In recent years, it has also developed a beach resort scene.
Zaman
This ancient fortress between Taba and Nuweiba overlooks the Red Sea.

Natural Heritage

Mont Sinaï, Égypte
Mount Sinai
In the south of the peninsula, at an altitude of 2,285 m, this is a traditional pilgrimage site that is home to Saint Catherine's Monastery. It can be reached on foot by hiking.
Parc national marin Ras Mohammed, Égypte
Ras Mohammed Marine National Park
At the southern tip of Sinai, this marine park is home to diverse underwater wildlife and dive-friendly shipwrecks.

Must-see & highly recommended

Abu Simbel
★★★★ This small town on the shores of Lake Nasser, near Sudan, is home to two magnificent UNESCO-listed temples.
Aswan
★★★★ This city on the banks of the Nile is a major tourist destination. Visitors come for Nile cruises, the Aswan Dam, Nubian villages, and the…
Nile Cruise
★★★★ The Nile with its cruises is a classic part of any trip to Egypt. The main offerings are from Luxor southward to Aswan.
Luxor
★★★★ The main tourist city of Upper Egypt. Beyond Nile cruises, ancient Thebes offers its museum and famous temples (Luxor, Karnak), as well as…
Theban Necropolis
★★★★ These are the magnificent remains (temples, palaces, necropolises...) of what was the capital of Egypt during the time of the Pharaohs.
Giza Pyramids
★★★★ This is the area of the famous pyramids (Khufu, Khafre, Menkaure, plus the Sphinx) located near Cairo and a few kilometres from the city of…

Recommended

Dahshur
★★★ This UNESCO-listed site, an extension of Giza, is where you can see Egypt’s first pyramids. The Mazghuna pyramids are also nearby.
Libyan Desert
★★★ Also known as the "White Desert" or "Great Sand Sea", it is home to three major oases in its section located in Upper Egypt (Dakhla…
Gulf of Aqaba
★★★ Over roughly 200 km between Sharm el-Sheikh and the Israeli border, this Gulf of the Red Sea is a top diving destination. Along the coast…
Cairo
★★★ Egypt’s vast capital offers fascinating museums, historic UNESCO-listed districts, and easy access to must-see sites like the…
Saint Catherine's Monastery
★★★ This important Orthodox monastery in Sinai is a UNESCO World Heritage site. It is also a "must-see" for any visit to the region.
Nubian Monuments of Abu Simbel
★★★ These are two remarkable temples listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites together with the Temple of Isis at Philae.

Worth a look / Other

Abydos
★★ North of the city of Luxor, this site is known for its temples and tombs.
Al-Qusair
★★ Between Hurghada and Marsa Alam, this small port has become a seaside resort with hotels and diving opportunities.
Alexandria
★★ Egypt’s second-largest city, with over 5 million inhabitants. It boasts numerous historic buildings, particularly from antiquity, and…
Dahab
★★ North of Sharm el-Sheikh and much quieter than the latter, though the place is less "backpacker-hippie" than it used to be. You can enjoy…
Dakhla (Egypt)
★★ One of the five major oases in the Libyan Desert.
Dendera
★★ This site is home to one of Egypt’s best-preserved ancient necropolises.
Edfu
★★ Along the Nile, halfway between Luxor and Aswan, the city of Edfu is home to a renowned temple.
Memphis (Egypt)
★★ A few kilometres south of Cairo, the remains of the necropolis of what was once a capital are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site…
Mount Sinai
★★ In the south of the peninsula, at an altitude of 2,285 m, this is a traditional pilgrimage site that is home to Saint Catherine's…
Ras Mohammed Marine National Park
★★ At the southern tip of Sinai, this marine park is home to diverse underwater wildlife and dive-friendly shipwrecks.
Wadi el Gemal National Park
★★ This arid park is located along the Red Sea coast, a few kilometres south of Marsa Alam.
Siwa
★★ A vast oasis near the Libyan border. Besides several ancient ruins, you can enjoy the oasis and the walks in its surroundings.
Temple of Isis at Philae
★★ This Nubian monument is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, listed jointly with the Temples of Abu Simbel.
Kom Ombo Temple
★★ Around fifty kilometres north of Aswan, on the banks of the Nile, Kom Ombo is home to a recently restored temple.
Old Cairo
★★ Enclosed within the modern city, the historic center of Cairo still contains many remarkable ancient buildings that earned it UNESCO World…
Abu Mena
★ About fifty kilometres southwest of Alexandria, this UNESCO-listed site features the remains of a city from the Pharaonic era.
Aboukir
★ On the Mediterranean coast near Alexandria, many ancient ruins remain in the immediate vicinity of this small town and its bay.
Al-Minya
★ A large city between Cairo and Asyut. Several ancient sites can be found in its surroundings (Beni Hasan, Tounah el-Gebel, Hermopolis...).
Amarna
★ This is the site of the capital built by Akhenaton. You can see a series of temples and tombs here.
Asyut
★ The large city between Cairo and Luxor is not among the most tourist-friendly.
Bahariya
★ An oasis located southwest of Cairo. You can take desert excursions from here.
Aswan Dam
★ One of the world's largest dams, built on the Nile near the city of the same name.
Beni Hassan
★ This village near Minya is a relatively important archaeological site. It is home to a collection of princely tombs.
Suez Canal
★ Between Sinai and Lower Egypt, the canal has become a tourist attraction to see from the city of Suez.
El Alamein
★ West of Alexandria, on the coast, a museum and military cemeteries commemorate the battle that took place here in 1942.
El Gouna
★ A resort town that developed thanks to its proximity to Hurghada, located about twenty kilometres away.
El Kab
★ This site south of Luxor contains tombs, temples, and other remnants of ancient times.
El-Arish
★ A seaside resort in northern Sinai, on the Mediterranean coast.
Esna
★ A town south of Luxor known for its bazaar and the Temple of Khnum.
Farafra
★ This oasis in the west-central region is located at the gateway to the most spectacular part of the White Desert.
Faiyum
★ It's a large city south of Cairo. The archaeological site of Hawara, with its pyramid, is nearby.
Gebel Silsileh
★ North of Aswan, this archaeological site along the Nile is home to various tombs and temples.
Hurghada
★ This is the major beach resort on the coast, opposite Sharm el-Sheikh on the other side of the Gulf of Suez, accessible by ferry…
Ismailia
★ Between Suez and Port Said, on the Suez Canal, Ismailia stands out for its many buildings constructed by the French and British during the…
Kharga
★ This is the southernmost oasis in Egypt. Less traditional than the others, its surroundings are home to various ancient ruins.
Lake Nasser
★ This vast artificial lake, created following the Aswan Dam, straddles Egypt and Sudan, with a ferry connecting the two countries and…
Mansoura
★ A large industrial and commercial city in the Nile Delta, not necessarily one of the most tourist-friendly.
Marsa Alam
★ A small town on the Red Sea coast undergoing rapid transformation, now with an international airport and infrastructure for hotels and…
Marsa Matruh
★ A coastal port on the Mediterranean en route to Libya. It features some ancient ruins, World War II military cemeteries, and beautiful…
Meidum
★ About a hundred kilometres from Cairo, this archaeological site is home to a pyramid and its necropolis.
Nuweiba
★ On the northern coast of the Gulf of Aqaba, the former Bedouin village has transformed into an all-inclusive beach resort with beaches…
Wadi Al-Hitan
★ In the desert, 150 km from Cairo, the "Whale Valley" of Wadi Al-Hitan is a UNESCO World Heritage Site for the many fossils discovered there.
Wadi es-Sebua
★ This is a group of temples also known as the "Valley of the Lions" on the shores of Lake Nasser.
Port Said
★ At the entrance to the Suez Canal, on the Mediterranean coast, the city attracts some visitors for its beaches and various historical sites.
Safaga
★ South of Hurghada, it is another major seaside resort on the Red Sea, known for its beaches and especially diving.
Sharm el-Sheikh
★ This is the Sinai’s major beach resort, complete with all-inclusive packages. It’s popular for its beaches, diving, and desert…
Soma Bay
★ A seaside resort on a peninsula south of Hurghada, offering beaches, diving, thalassotherapy, and hotel complexes.
Suez
★ This major Red Sea port, not far from Cairo, lends its name to the canal that visitors come to see here.
Taba
★ This is the border town with Israel used as such by travellers wishing to reach Eilat or Aqaba by land from Egypt. In recent years, it has…
Tanis
★ These are the remains (not very "spectacular") of an ancient city in the Nile Delta.
Tell Basta
★ A rarely visited ancient site north of Cairo, near the city of Zagazig.
Zaman
★ This ancient fortress between Taba and Nuweiba overlooks the Red Sea.