From Toulouse to Erbil, Iraqi Kurdistan, by camper van, 2 months
FR

Translated into English.

Original post
KU
Hi there, 😄 my friend and I are leaving in 15 days for Kurdistan, by road, in our little converted van... The only thing we're sure of (well, the only thing we've actually thought about! The adventures will take care of the rest!) is that we're planning to take a month to get there, 15 days on site to visit my sister-in-law who's been living there as a teacher for a year! and 15 days to rush back, because my boyfriend has to go back to work on November 3rd!! After that, the itinerary isn't set yet—I've just bought a map of Europe... and still haven't found one of Kurdistan! or Iraq! I just finished work yesterday... and until now, this trip felt so far away... I didn't imagine much about it... I kept telling myself, "You'll see when you're done working, your brain will be more available!" Well, now my brain is in "gooo go go!" mode 😮 and it's going fast! I've got tons of questions popping up all at once!

- The itinerary... (we're thinking of lingering a bit in Greece on the way there... and taking a more direct route back). I don't think we've fully grasped what it's going to be like to cover at least 5,000 km in such a short time! Bibi's tinkering with the van (a Peugeot Expert that goes anywhere) and I'm the tour guide! - Camping in the van... where? Under what conditions? Areas to avoid? Places not to miss? - The borders... especially the Iraqi one! What are the formalities? Visa or no visa? - The political situation in the countries we'll cross... (with our entourage putting pressure on us—they're right, of course! How many times have we heard, "You're crazy! Oh, you're really going? We've been hearing about this for a year but didn't think it was so soon... and with everything going on right now, isn't it risky? Aren't you afraid of getting kidnapped?" 🤪 To be honest, we don't know much, we've been a bit out of the loop, working hard... and just craving adventure! But I admit, sometimes I get little waves of panic 😕 when I check official websites... then I go back to daydreaming! - Why not Couchsurfing? - Oh crap, the most annoying part... the paperwork, insurance, health stuff, blablabla... - Will the van hold up? 😐 - Should we prepare for the possibility of not making it all the way, and accept that not as a failure but as a different kind of adventure? Well, there you have it—a little peek into the chaos in my brain! 🤪/😎

So if any of this resonates with you... if you feel like sharing ideas, advice, or stories... we're all ears! Well, I am, and I'll pass it on to Bibi, the fearless warrior, wrench in hand, new tires at the ready, changing the oil and fine-tuning the beast! When I ask him what he expects, what he thinks, what his fears are (with me being the eternal scaredy-cat about wild camping in places I can't picture when we arrive at night—apparently a typical female fear, according to my surveys!—and the wonder of waking up to discover our surroundings... we made the right choice!), his desires... he just says, "Well, we'll start the car, go straight ahead, and see what happens. What do you think could go wrong?!" We complement each other well!

😛
RH RheaSylvia Regular ·
- the borders... especially the one with Iraq! Entry formalities? Visa or no visa?

A 15-day stamp at the border, free, and it takes 5 minutes. For the van, though, expect something like Asterix’s 12 labors. In that case, I almost wonder if it wouldn’t be better to rely on the first kind soul who offers—against payment—to handle all the formalities for you. They’ll know which stamp to start with, then the next, etc., do the translation because no one at that border speaks English, and it’s always better to be with a Kurd.

the political situation in the countries crossed

I don’t see what you’re talking about—you’re only crossing very quiet areas, except maybe the very last stretch in Turkey. And even then, the road along the Syrian border is calm; I’ve taken it several times in recent months and I’m taking it again tomorrow. And the issues linked to the PKK, etc., mainly concern regions much further east, like Hakkari, Van, etc. As for Iraqi Kurdistan, it’s become, in my opinion, the most stable and secure zone in the Middle East after western Turkey and Jordan, as long as you don’t go down to Mosul or Kirkuk. So really, there’s nothing to worry about.

still haven’t found a map of Kurdistan! Or of Iraq

I’m stating the obvious, but Google Maps works just fine, unless you take the route marked in blue on the map I sketched for you. It’s true you need to be careful, between the border and Erbil, not to end up in Mosul by mistake—because that’s a no-go. Basically, you’ve got two choices: the long northern route, the purple one, which is very clear on Google Maps, through the north and the mountains. It’s long, but safe, and the roads are good. It’ll take a full day. It’s also prettier, cooler, and greener.

The southern route in blue takes about 3.5 hours, but if you don’t know the area, it’s easy to get lost, as you have to take small roads. The main road between Dohuk and Erbil goes through Mosul, and that’s not an option. Basically, when you leave Dohuk to the southeast, head down to the Christian village of Al-Qosh, then follow the foothills east. Pass Sheikhan, keep going east, then head down to Kalak along the Great Zab River. But honestly, if I were you, I’d avoid it. No signage, it’s desert road, and right now it’s hot. If you make a wrong turn and end up at an Iraqi army checkpoint near Mosul with your van and no visa for that part of Iraq, they might not understand. Plus, the whole area I’ve marked with red hatching isn’t secure at all.

Have a great trip! R.S
KU Kurdistan ·
Wow, that’s awesome! Thanks so much for all these details and all these great tips—it’s exactly what we were missing! Thanks for taking the time to reply and for the map too!

About the border, we actually heard a story a while back from the boss of my sister-in-law, who also did this route by car and took the wrong road, ending up right in Mosul... not great! But with all this info, that shouldn’t happen to us!

By the way, have you ever done wild camping in Europe and Turkey? Do you know if it’s more or less common and accepted? At the same time, we’re pretty discreet with our little van!

Alright, all that’s left is to go for it!

Adventure awaits! Thanks again, E.D
ML Mlozere ·
Hello, Your experience interests me—we’re planning to cross Iraqi Kurdistan from Turkey to Iran next spring in a camper van. Are the border procedures long or difficult? Where did you stay and sleep (wild camping)? Did you have vehicle insurance? What tips would you give us? Thanks
KU Kurdistan ·
Hello, Your experience interests me. We’re planning to cross Iraqi Kurdistan from Turkey to Iran next spring in a camper van. Are the border procedures long or difficult? Where did you stay and sleep (wild camping)? Did you have vehicle insurance? What tips would you give us? Thanks

Hi, sorry for the late reply!! So we did Toulouse to Erbil by van in two months. The border procedures were indeed quite long! Luckily, we had someone we met on this forum with us—someone I’d been asking the same questions before we left! She’s French, lives in Kurdistan, speaks fluent Arabic and a bit of Kurdish. By chance, after chatting with her, it turned out she was crossing the border the same day as us. We only spent 1h30 on the way there... compared to 3h30 on the way back without her! Basically, that border is like a mini city!

We recommend stopping the night before in Silopi (we booked a hotel since our van doesn’t have a toilet or shower—it’s not easy in town, but maybe with a camper van you can park in the long line of trucks waiting up to a week to cross the border...). That way, you can get to the border early the next day, because you never really know how long it’ll take! Looking back, I actually enjoyed it—like a treasure hunt! After getting the 15-day visa and the usual quick checks (thanks to our Arabic-speaking friend—way easier than our gestures and drawings!), a mechanic inspects the vehicle, then it’s a series of different rooms with different guys in offices, all with varying belly sizes and stamps flying everywhere!

And that’s where things got tricky—despite all the research we’d done, we’d never heard about this... they kept the vehicle registration document!! Basically, they really don’t want people selling their old clunkers there. So they gave us a temporary paper for the duration of our stay. (I’ll spare you the hour my boyfriend spent having a meltdown: "No, I’m not leaving you our registration!" "Look, we even have the French consul’s registration!" Yeah, right...) And just like that, we entered Iraq without our registration, but happy to finally be there!!

If you’re heading to Iran, though, I think there’s a special transit paper, and they won’t take your registration. Crossing back was long and exhausting, but we got our registration back! (Quick tip if you’re a couple: let the woman handle it. We don’t have the same idea of "queuing"—meaning everyone’s supposed to be in line, you’re second in line... then the window opens, and BAM, everyone rushes to shove their hand in the little slot to drop off the 40th requested paper! After an hour of observing, I was hungry! So I took charge... and suddenly, no one cut in front of us! Being a woman helped—I had a security perimeter around me!!) Then, after getting everything back, we thought, "Great, we’re almost done..." and BAM—the Turkish customs! 1h30 of unloading *everything* from the van to run it through the X-ray... welcome back!

About insurance... funny story. Before leaving, I called our insurance: "Miss, with your *amazing* insurance, you’re covered worldwide... unless, of course, you tell me you’re going to a *hot* country, like Iraq, for example... then I’d say no!"... Seriously?! "Well, actually..." Anyway, forget insurance! We’d heard you could get it at the border, but... after asking several people living there, even they’d never had car insurance! If there’s an accident, I think it’s settled more with a Kalashnikov! But as tourists... no problem! Just memorize French football players—they’re huge fans and it comes in handy! At every checkpoint, when we said "la faranca" (we’re from France), they’d laugh and rattle off a French player’s name, giving us big friendly pats on the shoulder!

Still, be *very* careful—the driving there is EXTREMELY dangerous! Just big, brand-new 4x4s on terrible roads (maybe it’ll have improved by spring, given how fast the region’s changing!) and what they call ‘you turns’... Excessive speed, first come first served, overtaking *inch’allah*! And speed bumps—really, *really* bad ones! You know those little, tall, narrow speed bumps in France? Take those, add more height, more speed, no warning signs... and BAM! Cars explode! (Once we got to Erbil, we parked the van and didn’t touch it for 15 days! We hit one of those bumps in a taxi at 110 km/h—we thought we were goners!)

Otherwise, we stayed in Erbil with my sister-in-law, who’s a teacher there... so no wild camping for us. Campgrounds don’t exist, but it’s apparently easy to get invited to people’s homes in the countryside. Tourists are rare! We spent a lot of time in Erbil with my sister-in-law, but we found the city stifling and not very welcoming! The citadel is gorgeous, but it was under construction—we couldn’t visit. Sulaymaniyah, on the other hand, is way nicer. As a woman, I felt much more comfortable there than in Erbil, which is more conservative. Of course, long sleeves and pants for women, and for men, shorts or even capris are frowned upon! Kurds are always very stylish! In Sulaymaniyah, you *have* to visit the Red House—an old torture site from Saddam’s time. Some parts of the museum are chilling, but it’s not all grim—there’s also Kurdish handicrafts, traditional clothes, rugs... Entry is free, and you can get a French-speaking guide. Then, on our way back, we went to Duhok—also worth it. We were there during the film festival! We’d planned to do a lot more hiking in the mountains, but it was strongly discouraged! The country still hasn’t been demined, and there’s *plenty* of mines. That’s why you see so much trash by the roads—Kurds love picnicking, and they’ll drive up to an hour to stop... by the roadside, *because* of the mines! Once we got there, we were told: if you want to stop somewhere safe, stop where there’s trash!

For navigation, we’d managed to find a 2009 Iraq map at *Le Vieux Campeur*—so proud! Except it was useless—too many changes! And it wasn’t always easy; we had a few scares. The Iraq-Kurdistan border doesn’t exist because it’s an autonomous region... signs are rare, and if you follow the Erbil direction from the border, they’ll take you through Mosul! The best route is longer but prettier—northeast through the mountains. That way, you’re sure not to end up in Iraq! Same for going from Erbil to Sulaymaniyah—the shortest route goes through Kirkuk, a city controlled by Iraqis where things explode almost daily. But via Dokan Lake, you stay in Kurdish territory, and the road is longer but much nicer! Google Maps works fine.

A quick recap of our 15 days there... which didn’t quite live up to our expectations, but the context played a big part. The day before we crossed the border, there was a suicide attack in Erbil with 5 car bombs—after 6 years of peace and quiet... welcome! I didn’t always feel at ease and left wanting more... but the journey itself was amazing. We crossed over 10 countries to get there, and that was the real highlight!

There you go—I’m not a great writer, I write like I talk, so I hope this wasn’t too hard to read! I get carried away by memories, now that I’m back to the daily grind of work work work!! It’s all to fuel the next adventure! If you have any other questions, don’t hesitate—I’ll try to reply faster this time! Éricka
ML Mlozere ·
Thanks for the whole account. There are so many questions about this country. The first time, we got discouraged in Silopi after passing hundreds and hundreds of stationary trucks. This year, we’ll give it another shot for a fairly quick crossing and enter Iran not far from Sulaymaniyah. The issue of vehicle insurance still worries us, though.

It’s also worth considering whether the detour to Erbil is worth the trip.
ML Mlozere ·
Back after more than 100 days away, with only 3 spent in Kurdistan. Here are answers to the questions we had before leaving.

Entering the country was no problem at all—just a few minutes to get the free 15-day visa, and 2 hours for the camper van paperwork. Everything was handled by a really friendly customs officer who wouldn’t accept any compensation. No questions about vehicle insurance, so we drove without it. Leaving was even easier, sorted in just 15 minutes.

Once there, everything was made easy by the warm welcome from locals. No trouble finding a place to spend the night: first night in the parking lot of a very quiet gas station at the entrance to Zakho (water, toilets, dinner, and breakfast offered!). Second night in front of a school in a village—the principal didn’t know how to make us more comfortable, so we reassured him we didn’t need anything. Third night next to a shop, where neighbors were waiting for us at sunrise with breakfast. The roads are good and easy to navigate. Driving without insurance made us extra cautious, and we had to be. Iraqis clearly don’t like being stuck behind and will always overtake, which creates risky situations, but we didn’t see any accidents. They drive fast. In cities, it’s chaotic, but we were lucky to have a vehicle whose size commanded some respect. Every time we needed help, people were there to assist, even going out of their way to find what we were looking for when necessary. Never once was a tip expected for any of it.

We entered Zakho from Turkey and left at Penjwin for Iran, where entry was *very* difficult (over 4 hours of paperwork). We traveled through Amedi, Sulaymaniyah, Halabja—a mostly mountainous route, and it’s stunning everywhere.
ER Eric85000 ·
Hi and thanks for all this info. What about the customs passbook for Iraq? Thanks

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