Si on s'en réfère au site officiel que je vous ai déjà donné

un visa étudiant ne peut pas être édité plus de 120 jours avant le début des cours et vous ne pouvez entrer sur le territoire US qu'au max 30 jours avant le début des cours.
httptravel.state.gov/content/visas/english/study-exchange/student.html
New Students – F-1 and M-1 student visas can be issued up to 120 days in advance of your course of study start date. However, you will not be allowed to enter the United
States in F-1 or M-1 status earlier than 30 days before your start date.
Pour la procédure voici ce qu'on trouve sur le site officiel
When you are accepted by the U.S. school you plan to attend, you will be enrolled in the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS). You must pay the SEVIS I-901 Fee. The U.S. school will provide you with a Form I-20 to present to the consular officer when you attend your visa interview. If your spouse and/or children intend to reside with you in the United
States while you study, they must obtain individual Form I-20s, but they do not pay the SEVIS fee.
Ensuite
How to ApplyThere are several steps to apply for a visa. The order of these steps and how you complete them may vary at the U.S. Embassy or Consulate where you apply.
You must:
1) complete the online visa application and 2) print the application form confirmation page to bring to your interview.
Photo You will upload your photo while completing the online Form DS-160. Your photo must be in the format explained in the link
Schedule an Interview
While interviews are generally not required for applicants of certain ages outlined below, consular officers have the discretion to require an interview of any applicant, regardless of age.
You must schedule an appointment for your visa interview, generally, in the country where you live. You may schedule your interview at any U.S. Embassy or Consulate, but be aware that it may be difficult to qualify for a visa outside of your place of permanent residence.
Wait times for interview appointments vary by location, season, and visa category, so you should apply for your visa early. Review the interview wait time for the location where you will applyGather Required Documentation
Gather and prepare the following required documents before your visa interview:- Passport valid for travel to the United
States - Your passport must be valid for at least six months beyond your period of stay in the United
States. If more than one person is included in your passport, each person who needs a visa must submit a separate application.
- Nonimmigrant Visa Application,
- Application fee payment receipt, if you are required to pay before your interview
- Photo : You will upload your photo while completing the online Form DS-160. If the photo upload fails, you must bring one printed photo in the format explained
- Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant (F-1) Student Status-For Academic and Language Students, Form I-20A-B or Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant (M-1) Student Status for Vocational Students, Form I-20M-N – Your school will send you a SEVIS-generated Form I-20 once they have entered your information in the SEVIS database. You and your school official must sign the Form I-20. All students, their spouse and minor children if they intend to reside in the United
States with the student, must be registered in the Student and Exchange Visitor System (SEVIS). Each person receives an individual Form I-20.
Additional Documentation May Be RequiredAdditional documents may be requested to establish that you are qualified. For example, additional requested documents may include evidence of:
- Your academic preparation, such as:Transcripts, diplomas, degrees, or certificates from schools you attended; and Standardized test scores required by your U.S. school;
- Your intent to depart the United
States upon completion of the course of study; How you will pay all educational, living and travel costs.
Attend Your Visa InterviewDuring your visa interview, a consular officer will determine whether you are qualified to receive a visa, and if so, which visa category is appropriate based on your purpose of travel. You will need to establish that you meet the requirements under U.S. law to receive the category of visa for which you are applying.
Ink-free, digital fingerprint scans will be taken as part of your application process. They are usually taken during your interview, but this varies based on location.
After your visa interview, your application may require further administrative processing. You will be informed by the consular officer if further processing is necessary for your application.
When the visa is approved, you may pay a visa issuance fee if applicable to your nationality, and will be informed how your passport with visa will be returned to you. Your passport with visa will generally be ready for pick-up or delivery by the courier.
En cliquant sur le lien vous pouvez aussi prendre rendez vous pour votre interview

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