Le vent est systématiquement vers le nord-ouest.
À l'automne 2009 j'ai suivi cette piste de Hambourg jusqu'au Pas-de-Calais, donc dans le mauvais sens.
J'ai passé pas mal de journées le nez dans le guidon sur le plus petit développement à atteindre les vitesses moyennes vertigineuses de 6 ou 7 km/h.
Ma plus grande épreuve cycliste à vie aura été de traverser dans ces conditions-là le pont du Zeeland par 110 km/h de face. Z'êtes pas obligés de me croire, mais je devais m'accrocher à deux mains au vélo pour ne pas qu'il s'envole. Inutile de préciser qu'il était impossible de pédaler. Tous les kilomètres (le pont est gradué par des bornes jaunes espacées de 1000m), je m'assoyais pour reprendre mon souffle et détendre mes muscles, tout en gardant un bras par dessus le cadre parce que deux ou trois fois les roues ont quitté le sol et j'ai failli voir toutes mes possessions (et mon moyen de transport) s'envoler comme un moineau et voleter jusqu'au fond de la mer du Nord. Brrr.
Je précise que je venais de quitter un grand centre urbain et qu'en conséquence, j'avais rempli les récipients à bloc d'huile d'olive, de semoule et de lentilles et que par conséquent, mes sacoches étaient au plus lourd.
Pendant la traversé épique des Pays-Bas, les cyclos que je croisais en sens inverse avaient un gros sourire dessiné en travers de la tronche. Les salauds. Parait qu'y a qu'à pointer le guidon pour faire 100 km.
😛
Bonne route !
É.
Et il poursuivit sa route
Celle que voulait sa monture
Car en cela consistait
L'essence de l'aventure
— Cervantes
Ah, ah, ah ! Si jamais je réussis la circumvélonavigation que je planifie, on en reparlera.
Personnellement, je trouve héroïques tous ceux et celles qui pointent chaque matin dans la course du rat.
J'ai tenté de suivre et je n'ai pas pu.
😕
Bises fraîches d'Amérique du Nord,
É.
Et il poursuivit sa route
Celle que voulait sa monture
Car en cela consistait
L'essence de l'aventure
— Cervantes
j'ai emprunté une petite partie de cette route (quelques jours au Nord de l'Allemagne et au Danemark) par beau temps et avec vent favorable, c'était grandiose ...
Le tour de la Mer du Nord demande de passer de la Norvège à l'Ecosse (Iles Shetland).
Mais la compagnie de Ferry qui assurait le passage a cessé ses activités.
Avion obligatoire, dommage!
Bon voyage!
« Je ne suis pas d’accord avec ce que vous dites, mais je me battrai jusqu’à la mort pour que vous ayez le droit de le dire. »
Salut,
Pour vous donner envie de parcourir cette route superbe, voici quelques photos du pont sur lequel, sans doute, McComber a lutté héroïquement contre Eole ...😉
Pardon, Ronpetitpata de m'incruster sur ton post, mais nous avons un projet similaire, et mes questions pourraient être aussi les tiennes...
J'ai déjà fait, pour ma part, la partie Rotterdam-Vlieland, c'est vraiment un plaisir. J'ai l'intention , le printemps prochain, de faire l'intégrale.
Mon projet est de partir pour 3 mois de Rotterdam, quelqu'un sait-il s'il y a une possibilité de parking de longue durée dans cette ville, et, tant qu'on y est: à quel prix?
Et aussi: prendre l'avion entre la Norvège et l'Ecosse, ça implique quoi, pour les vélos: les démonter, les emballer?
Bonjour , la route de la mer du nord est vraiment facile à suivre , et aussi facile pour le pédalage . Tu longeras le bord de mer tout le temps et les moutons te tiendront compagnie . Pour l' avoir empruntée en me rendant au Nordkapp à l' aller , tu pourras bien entendu te perdre à loisir car la Hollande est truffée de LF1.................jusqu'à LF10 (dans les deux sens a ou b ) . Pour cela te rendre dans un office de tourisme et demander la carte . J' ai emprunté ces routes (LF.) en revenant du cap nord et , pédaler en Hollande est un régal , tant par la facilité que par la tranquillité , pratiquement sans voiture .
«
"Le plus beau voyage, c'est celui qu'on n'a pas encore fait."
Nous en avons fait un tout petit bout. de La Haye jusque l ile de Trexel avec un détour par Amsterdam et Haarlem. Comme dit plus haut : facile, sympa, beautiful et tout... beaucoup de cyclistes sur la piste en juillet. et la hollande n est pas un pays pauvre. donc pas très bon marché.
Oui, comme le dit Sedoy, il est très facile de se déplacer à vélo au Pays-Bas.
Le balisage y est très bien fait, et souvent les "routes à vélos" qu'il faut suivre , s'écartent de la circulation automobile pour pénétrer dans un bois, d'où une grande sécurité.
Le vélo est aussi considéré comme "usagé faible" et les cyclistes sont bien respectés par les automobilistes.
Quant au vent, c'est vrai qu'il est souvent là...
Je me souviens avoir emprunté des pistes cyclables qui se situaient au dessus de dunes et le vent était déchaîné.
Par moment ce vent venait de côté et je me souviens avoir roulé "appuyé" contre lui pour ne pas tomber...
Finalement je le préférais encore de face, car moins "secoué" ! ! !
Et certains signes ne trompent pas : anciens moulins ou éoliennes..., mais cette région est magique par la beauté de ses paysages. Pour les difficultés , pays tout plat, à l'exception des rampes de ponts, considérées comme étant un col hollandais....😎😎😎
Merci beaucoup pour tous ces précieux renseignements !
Je vais bien tout relire et essayer de faire un trajet.
J'angoisse pour le vent quand même....Va falloir se muscler pour le Zeeland 😉😉
Merci encore pour tout, c'est un beau projet + le book que je lis je vais pouvoir y voir plus clair !
A bientôt 🙂
Nous aussi nous l'avons empruntée quelques Kms. Nous avons fait Oslo/Le Havre en cyclo-camping en suivant le plus possible la côte mais voir des moutons c'est sympa mais au bout d'un moment on s'en lasse, alors nous avons pris d'autres pistes cyclables car il y en a partout dans les pays que nous avons traversés (surtout en Allemagne, super équipée !) bonne préparation de voyage ! Jomeu
Nous avons fait la partie "Norvège des fjords" cet été. Entre Kristiansand et Bergen. Le parcours est très vallonné (voire montagneux par endroits). Le balisage est très bien fait et les paysages formidables. Pas de difficulté pour le camping ou le bivouac. La formule "hytte", petites cabanes à louer dans les campings par exemple permet de se sécher lorsque la météo n'est pas optimale.
J'ai déjà circulé sur la NZFR le long de la côte belge et également au Nord de La Haye aux PB où j'ai résidé durant 8 années.
Ce sont des voies cyclabes superbement balisées et celles que j'ai empruntées étaient en parfait état. De courts tronçons sont en revêtement naturel ( très fins gravillons -terre battue ) et sont moins confortables quand il a plu mais en général le revêtement est en tarmac et donc parfaitement roulant.
Question dénivelé c'est très plat et on peut atteindre de très bonnes moyennes si le vent n'est pas trop défavorable!!!! Celui-ci est en effet l'handicap majeur que l'on peut rencontrer.
Transport : il est possible de se rendre entrain jusqu'au départ à Den Helder (voir sur le site allemand "DB Bahn" (le + plus pratique) http://www.bahn.com/...w/FRA/fr/index.shtml
Je me suis procuré le topoguide auprès du Comité de Tourisme du Nord (gratuit) (adresse ci-dessous) :
Guide / Carte :
Route de la Mer du Nord (LF1). Ed 1999. Gratuit.
Topoguide de 82 pages avec cartes décrivant les 470 km de la Véloroute « Route de la Mer du Nord (LF1) » - Ed. 1999. Diffusé gratuitement car ancien (valeur 6 €10).
Cartes détaillées de l'itinéraire, sites à visiter et informations touristiques, quelques hébergements.
Très complet, sauf pour les hébergements, suffit pour randonner.
A demander à : Comité Départemental du Tourisme du Nord, 6 rue Gauthier-de-Châtillon, BP 1232, 59013 Lille Cedex
Tél. 03 20 57 59 59 - Fax 03 20 57 52 70 . E-mail : contact@cdt-nord.fr
12 pages sur la France. Voir page de garde du topoguide sur : jderoi.free.fr/datas/dossierpresse/lf/f/html/LF1.htm
Je cherche des renseignements, ou des témoignages, sur la piste cyclable de la mer baltique. Suite à un reportage TV, j'ai bien envie d'y aller à vélo, en…
Je projette juin/juillet 2016 une randonnée le long de la Mer Baltique.Pouvez vous me donner quelques renseignements: pistes cyclables, sites à ne pas manqués.…
Toujours à la recherche d'idées pour cet été, j'ai obtenu quelques informations sur la piste cyclable de la Vallée de l'Inn sur environ 520 kms. Je ne trouve…
Nous souhaitons faire un circuit à vélo en Allemagne du Sud l'an prochain. Nous comptons rouler du Lac de Constance à Fussen sur la piste cyclable Bodensee -…
I’m planning to cycle from Morlaix to Brest (via Roscoff and the V45 coastal route). We’ll start riding on August 16th for 13 days (with stops for island visits, surfing, etc.). Is there a lot of traffic at this time of year? I’ve got two kids, 11 and 13, and we don’t like riding in the middle of cars (we’ve already done the Vélomaritime—Caen to Cherbourg—the Loire route from Orléans to Saumur, the Vélodyssée from Nantes to Royans, and the canals like the Nivernais and Bourgogne, where there were plenty of bike-only lanes, which isn’t the case on this route).
Thanks for your help if you’ve already done this route in late August!
Virginie
I’ve got my flight ticket sorted—departing in mid-November and returning in mid-March. I’ll arrive in Santiago and leave from Buenos Aires.
I’ve already been to southern Argentina, specifically Torres del Paine National Park, and I’d love to go back to do the full W trek (I only did the shorter version last time).
I also want to do some hiking and maybe even tackle a summit. I climb and occasionally do some mountaineering, so I’ll definitely be going with a guide.
I plan to start around Temuco in Chile, with the idea of heading toward the lakes, then taking the Carretera Austral.
I’m not sure if I’ll go all the way to Ushuaia—it’s supposed to not be *that* worth it, except for the bragging rights of saying you’ve been to the end of the world.
I saw there are lakes in Argentina too.
I don’t have a precise itinerary, but what I’d love is, once I reach the southernmost point of my trip, to take a mini-cruise to see some wildlife. Any tips for that?
What kind of sleeping bag did you take? Is a 0°C (32°F) one enough?
And one last question: white gas stove or can I get by with my gas stove?
This summer, we’re planning to cycle along the EV 19 that follows the Meuse River from Langres all the way to Rotterdam.
My question is about getting back to Nantes.
Do any of you know what the best return option might be? I’d love to hear about your experiences.
I saw that FlixBus doesn’t take bikes.
By train, I think it’s possible but would involve multiple local trains.
We were also wondering if there’s a boat from Rotterdam to Saint-Nazaire that could take passengers with bikes.
Any tips or experiences you can share would be really helpful—thanks in advance!
Have a great evening
Hi there,
I’ve been road cycling for several years, and I’m about to switch to gravel in the next few days—I’m waiting for my bike, which should arrive this week.
I’m planning a bikepacking trip in a few weeks along the Véloroute V81, also known as the Vélosud, from Biarritz to Le Barcarès.
Has anyone here already done this route? Any info is welcome, whether it’s about the route itself, gear, or accommodation. I’ll prioritize staying with locals as much as possible. On that note, I just signed up for the brand-new site *Guidon et Couette* ((www.guidon-et-couette.fr)), which offers free accommodation between cyclists across the country, but there’s almost no one listed along my route!
Thanks in advance.
Laurent.
I’m planning to build a new touring bike.
I want to prioritize lightness.
That said, I’m tempted by a suspension fork that could offer some comfort on rougher roads.
The recent appearance of gravel suspension forks on the market might meet my needs—at least on paper.
I’m particularly considering the RockShox Rudy Ultimate XPLR fork.
Unlike MTB forks, its travel is short: either 30 mm or 40 mm.
It weighs 1400 g, which is 400/500 g more than a steel fork.
Any thoughts or real-world feedback on this?
I’m also wondering about the durability of magnesium (lower leg) for long-distance bike touring.
And what’s the impact of skipping the manufacturer-recommended maintenance every 50 and 200 hours? That’s bound to happen on a long trip unless you carry extra gear.
More generally, how reliable are these kinds of forks?
Hi everyone,
I wanted to share with you the incredible feat my friend José, who’s 72 years old, is currently undertaking. He left Auterive near Toulouse on Monday, May 18, 2026, on his non-electric bike, heading for the North Cape in Norway!
You can follow his route on the link below—he’s currently in Sweden:
https://thierry-thomas.travelmap.net/jose-de-toulouse-a-nord-cap-2026
You can zoom in on the map and click on each stopover town to see the photos
I’m making an exception and creating a separate post this time, since it’s all about France. In May, we spent a week in Provence, specifically in the Luberon, exploring the cycling routes *Autour du Luberon à Vélo*, the *Véloroute du Calavon* (part of EuroVelo 8), and the shorter *Les Ocres à Vélo* route. Together, they gave us an amazing journey through rolling hills, vineyards, lavender fields still green in spring, and some of the most stunning landscapes in southern France.
It was, of course, the perched villages that impressed us the most. We visited Gordes, Roussillon, Bonnieux, Lacoste, Lourmarin, Ménerbes, Oppède-le-Vieux, Cucuron, and Lauris. Many of them are among the most beautiful villages in Provence, and it’s hard not to agree with that reputation.
One interesting point is the route of EuroVelo 8 in this part of the region. The official path mainly follows the old railway line of the *Véloroute du Calavon*, which is very comfortable and safe. But in our opinion, cyclists traveling EuroVelo 8 around the Mediterranean would discover even more treasures if the route passed through villages like Bonnieux, Lacoste, or Oppède-le-Vieux.
We were also pleasantly surprised by how safe cycling felt. Most of the route takes small local roads, but traffic is light, drivers are respectful, and road design really takes cyclists into account. It’s one of those places where you can ride peacefully even without separated bike lanes.
Our full story:
Around Luberon by bicycle - the most beautiful villages of Provence
You can also find all our cycling travel stories on the forum:
Cycling Thread - Europe’s most beautiful bike routes
Hi there, we’re a group of 4 cyclists looking to get from Treviso in Italy to Munich with our 4 non-folding bikes. It seems complicated! Are there any solutions? Thanks so much.
hello fellow cycling enthusiasts
here’s a travel journal of the cycling tour through the Rhône-Alpes Auvergne region by Claudio
zouli
it was the plan
http://cbandiera.free.fr/parcours/auvergne-Ralpes/
the trip was completed
story being posted online soon
1100 km in 11 days
beautiful and varied regions
Hi there, we’re planning a Munich to Venice bike trip at the end of June 2026. Getting back from Venice to Toulouse by train with 4 bikes isn’t straightforward. What return options have others who’ve done this trip chosen? Any tips or great deals would be much appreciated. Thanks a bunch! !
Hi everyone,
Happy owner of a Pegasus Estremo bike with a Rohloff hub, which is giving me trouble with the SF11-NCX-FT-E-LITE 700C TS 300/0 fork (serial number TD01329060). It’s starting to show its age, and I’d like to repair it to extend the life of my beloved bike.
The suspension is gone, and there’s an oil leak from the seals.
Does anyone know how to repair it? Where can I find parts that are about fifteen years old? Or where to find an identical replacement fork? Just to clarify, the Magura HS11 brakes are mounted using Firm Tech, meaning they’re on pivots behind the fork, facing the frame.
Hi, I'd like to know if anyone has done this route recently or has reliable info.
Does the track exist, and most importantly, is there sand (for biking)?
Any info is welcome.
Cheers,
diego ambilobe: mangaoka, manondro, ramena
vohemar sambava: masondrono, tanambao
Hi there,
New to bike touring,
I’d love to start with a section of the Via Rhona to explore and share (route to be decided).
Looking forward to exchanging tips!
I’m landing in Madagascar with a buddy before the end of April 2026. We’re planning to bike around for about twenty days or so. We don’t have a specific goal other than exploring the country and meeting the locals.
Ideally, we’d prefer a loop route starting from Antananarivo with a good chunk of it along the coast. On the bike side, we’re used to riding 6 to 8 hours a day, depending on the needs, encounters, and mood 😉 Any feedback or tips from trips around this length?
A big thank you to Lazarou for all the info you share in this forum!
I'm passionate about Morocco, which I cycled through back in 2009.
Last year, my wife and I explored the High Atlas by tandem. Completely smitten, we're heading back in April (Anti Atlas) and May (High and Middle Atlas), still on our tandem.
Do you have any info on the track between Amezri and Ali Ait Nito? Are the river crossings in the Tessaout still there? It's not easy to navigate with a loaded tandem... especially if the river level is high due to this year's heavy snowmelt!
Thanks in advance for any tips you might have, and best wishes for health in this new year!
Claudio specializes in the route of the Savoie lakes
Here are his travels
Between Bornes, Chartreuse, the Savoie foothills, and Dauphiné
Five lakes: Léman, Annecy, Paladru, Aiguebelette, Bourget, not to mention a few ponds along the way
Plenty of accommodation options: camping, hotels, and more...
A lovely route not far from his place
Rural and quite peaceful
A road cycling route created by Serge B...
Tout d'abord... bonne année ! De belles routes à vous en 2017 !
Je voyage depuis quelques années avec un VTT de très bonne qualité mais équipé de freins à disques hydrauliques. Je vis (pédale) avec l'inquiétude d'avoir une panne (fuite, bulle d'air, chaleur qui fait que le liquide...). Mon vélociste me dit qu'il est impossible de les changer pour des V brakes.
Qu'en pensez-vous ? Est-ce que je prends un gros risque à continuer (seule) avec ces freins ? D'avance je vous remercie pour vos bonnes idées.
First post here to share a quick recap of our west-to-east bike trip along Algeria’s coast in January 2025.
It was just the two of us—my partner and I—with French passports and not a word of Arabic. No friends or welcoming hosts in the country.
Under those conditions, we’d strongly advise against going.
Our original plan was to follow the coast from Algiers to Tunis. We ended up cycling from Algiers to Béjaia, then took the train from Béjaia to Annaba (with a stop in Constantine), and finally biked to the border.
We were tailed by police the whole way—whether on our bikes, on the train, or even on foot while exploring towns. On top of that, we couldn’t wild camp and were limited to the few state-approved hotels that accept foreigners. Under those circumstances, connecting with locals was especially tough.
With such an omnipresent and intrusive police presence, we’d definitely recommend against this destination for bike touring. A really sad situation that completely cuts you off from the local population...
We’d been warned, we went to check it out, and we weren’t disappointed!
Hi there,
I’m planning the route to cycle from Lille to Nordkapp with my partner.
Duration: 3 months, from May 1st to July 31st, 2026.
In the attached details below, I need to add some "non-riding" days (rest days, basically).
So I’m looking to "shorten" the trip by taking ferries or trains for some stretches. Which areas could I skip?
Thanks in advance for your great tips.
Have a good evening.
https://www.komoot.com/fr-fr/collection/4023980/-lille-cap-nord-1er-mai-au-31-juillet-2026?ref=collection
I’m planning to bike back from Poland this summer. Does anyone know a way to ship it there without having to take it apart? Otherwise, it’s a real hassle to fine-tune all the settings before departure!
Thanks in advance.
Hi, has anyone recently bought Primus or Butagaz gas, possibly puncture-style, in Dubrovnik or the surrounding area? Same question for Albania... thanks. aichatou
Just a few words about the loop I did by bike in Yunnan.
Entry and exit
I entered China through the Sino-Vietnamese border crossing at Lào Cai / Hekou under the 30-day visa exemption currently available to French nationals and others.
The process was simple and quick. A Chinese police officer even helped me complete my electronic pre-registration at a computer kiosk. I wasn’t aware this formality was required—it’s similar to Thailand’s TM6.
No issues with the bike.
I left the country via the Sino-Laotian border crossing at Mohan / Boten.
The atmosphere was a bit chaotic there, but again, no problems with the bike.
The timing
I visited Yunnan in February 2026.
Weather-wise, at higher altitudes (between 1,500 and 2,000 meters), it was around ten degrees at night and in the mornings, and around twenty degrees at the hottest part of the day.
I had two days of rain, so I took the bus to keep moving. Otherwise, clear blue skies.
Culturally, Chinese New Year fell on February 17th (and the 15 days following), right in the middle of my trip. Because of this, my take on the traffic might be off.
Accommodation and food
I always found a hotel to stay in for prices ranging from 8 to 15 €. Except in Kunming (the capital), where many hotels were fully booked (Chinese New Year). I ended up at a 100 € hotel with great value for money.
A bowl of noodles costs about 1.5 € on average.
Onboard electronics
Since my smartphone doesn’t support eSIMs, I subscribed to a China plan with my carrier. Otherwise, for much cheaper, Alipay offers eSIMs for foreigners that allow access to services usually blocked for Chinese users (WhatsApp, Facebook, etc.).
An internet connection is essential for paying with Alipay or WeChat, as this payment method is widespread.
I only managed to use Alipay.
Either way, always carry cash because sometimes there’s no signal, or the merchant only accepts WeChat.
Also, it’s best to bring a power adapter when you arrive rather than struggling to find one.
Traffic and roads
The Chinese aren’t reckless drivers. They follow traffic rules and watch out for cyclists. This is slightly less true in Xishuangbanna (the region bordering Myanmar and Laos).
In urban areas, there are almost always wide bike lanes, separated from other roads, where bikes, electric mini-scooters, and scooters share the space pretty harmoniously.
The roads are in great condition, and traffic is generally manageable—even light—except for one stretch (Eshan -> Yangwu).
Most traffic is absorbed by expressways, China’s equivalent of highways: toll roads that are off-limits to slow vehicles.
You’re never far from these expressways; sometimes you even ride alongside them, which can be noisy at times.
The climbs are usually reasonable, around 5% to 6%. From what I remember, the steepest section was between Menglun and Mengla, with gradients of 8% to 10%, sometimes more.
Riding at these altitudes—though modest—took a bit of getting used to.
The route
I didn’t plan anything in advance. My only goal was to reach Kunming. I don’t know why, but just hearing the name of that city, like Yunnan, always felt dreamy to me.
Hi! I’m planning to visit the Stockholm Archipelago by bike in early April.
Do you know if the boats will be running between the different islands at that time of year? For those who’ve already been, all your tips and recommendations are welcome—accommodation, etc. Also, do you know where I can rent a bike in Stockholm? Thanks so much in advance for your help!
Hello there, pedal-powered Young Boys!
Claudio (still from Faverges)
dreaming about a cycling getaway in Italy from Faverges (train all the way to Turin)
from Turin down to Venice along the Po River and back via the Padana (Alta Italia da attraversare – Northern Italy to cross)
The tricky part is getting from Chioggia to Venice.
I read it’s possible by hopping on a boat from island to island,
but it sounds a bit stressful.
Has anyone already tackled this route?
I’m currently looking for a bike to do my first bike trip across France, with the ultimate goal of cycling through Latin America. I’ve got a lot of questions and I’d love to hear if you have any answers or advice to share.
First off, I’ve been through this before with hiking. I want to get top-quality gear right away. When I started hiking, I ended up buying everything three times—first beginner gear, then intermediate, then expert, etc.
For biking, I’d prefer to skip that process and invest right now in a bike that could ideally handle Latin America.
I’ve set a total max budget of around 5000 € (roughly 4000–4500 € for the bike and the rest for accessories: panniers, helmet, cycling shorts, etc.).
So, I’ve got quite a few questions:
* I’ve read in several places that some people recommend buying the bike directly in Latin America. Since I need a first bike to train in Europe, would it be better to buy an entry-level bike in France (and sell it before the big departure)? Or is it preferable to start right away with my final bike to get used to it? Is buying it there just to save a bit of money?
* For a long-term trip (around six months) in Latin America, is it better to go for a gravel bike or a mountain bike?
* Should I buy a new bike or a refurbished one? Even more so given that I’m planning a long trip—could a refurbished bike end up causing more breakdowns?
If you have any advice on models, technical features to prioritize, or recommended sellers or resellers, I’d love to hear it. I’m a total beginner—I’ve only just started watching videos and reading up on the subject, and all the technical specs are new to me!
Calling all travelers.
We’ll be landing at Lyon Airport and want to bike to La Verpillière train station (with panniers and camping gear, etc.) to catch a TER to Voreppe.
What’s the safest route for this bike trip?
Thanks in advance
hi,
I'm planning a recumbent bike trip from the Pyrenees to Greece. On the EuroVelo 8 route, it doesn't specify the path through the Alps.
Are there any experienced cyclists here who can tell me where they go to avoid climbing too high?
Also, is there another traveler/bike forum better suited for broadening the responses?
thanks